We generally use sans-serif typefaces, which may be classified as grotesque, neo-grotesque, humanist, or geometric. The oldest of these, the grotesque, were little more than serif typefaces with the serifs removed, making them look weird and grotesque. Grotesque typefaces frequently have the word "gothic" in their names, e.g. Franklin Gothic. A spin-off of the grotesque style is the neo-grotesque, which are the most popular sans-serif fonts, including Arial and Helvetica.
Then there are the humanist typefaces, including our own EB Sans. Microsoft's Trebuchet is a classic humanist font with the standard humanist tendencies, stylized to look friendly but not threatening. Others in this vein are Optima and Gill Sans. Of course, it is possible to go overboard in that direction, and then you get Comic Sans.
The final classification is called geometric, which looks exactly like it sounds: geometric-looking symmetric shapes based upon inscriptional Roman capitals but with a "eurotrash" feel and little to no imagination. Futura is the best-known example of the geometric sans-serif. We avoid it for good reason.